Journal: Neural Regeneration Research

Article Title: Preclinical safety and efficacy evaluation of the intrathecal transplantation of GMP-grade human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke

doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00683

Figure Lengend Snippet: The experimental scheme. After 72 hours (3 days) of pMCAO modeling, rats were randomly assigned to receive cerebellomedullary cistern injections of either low-dose (5 × 10 5 ) or high-dose (1 × 10 6 ) hUC-MSCs or saline. The general conditions of rats were monitored daily until 28 days post-transplantation. Neurological function was evaluated on days 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 post-transplantation. Tissues were collected for histological analysis (hematoxylin and eosin staining), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and immunofluorescence on days 14 and 28 post-transplantation. hUC-MSCs: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; NS: normal saline; pMCAO: permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Article Snippet: CSF was collected 14 and 28 days postintrathecal transplantation, and the concentration of BDNF was determined via a BDNF ELISA kit (Cat# RK03527, ABclonal).

Techniques: Saline, Transplantation Assay, Staining, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Neural Regeneration Research

Article Title: Preclinical safety and efficacy evaluation of the intrathecal transplantation of GMP-grade human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke

doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00683

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of intrathecal hUC-MSC administration on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) secretion and expression in pMCAO rats. (A) The BDNF concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were measured using an ELISA at 14 and 28 days post-transplantation. n = 5. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of BDNF (red) in the hippocampus and cortex was performed at 14 and 28 days post-transplantation. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). n = 5. (C) The bar graph shows the quantification of BDNF + cells. n = 5. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. * P < 0.05 (independent samples t -tests were used to compare the two time points within each group, while one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test was used for comparisons across multiple groups). BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; DAPI: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; hUC-MSCs: human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; pMCAO: permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Article Snippet: CSF was collected 14 and 28 days postintrathecal transplantation, and the concentration of BDNF was determined via a BDNF ELISA kit (Cat# RK03527, ABclonal).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Transplantation Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Technology and Health Care

Article Title: Study on the mechanism of TMRK electroacupuncture in repairing synaptic plasticity in amygdala and hippocampus to relieve fear memory in PTSD rats

doi: 10.3233/thc-199038

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5. PSD thickness (A), Synaptic gap width (nm) (B), Curvature of synaptic interface (C) and BDNF levels (D) in amygdala from rats in the indicated groups. Electron microscopy of Amygdala (E). scale = 500 nm. The results were presented as mean ± SD, (n = 3). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Rat BDNF ELISA Kit (BOSTER Biological Tech-234 nology, Wuhan, China) was used to assess the levels of BNDF proteins in brain tissue according to235 manufacturer’s protocol.236 2.9.

Techniques: Electron Microscopy

Journal: Technology and Health Care

Article Title: Study on the mechanism of TMRK electroacupuncture in repairing synaptic plasticity in amygdala and hippocampus to relieve fear memory in PTSD rats

doi: 10.3233/thc-199038

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6. PSD thickness (A), Synaptic gap width (nm) (B), Curvature of synaptic interface (C) and BDNF levels (D) in hippocam- pus from rats in the indicated groups. Electron microscopy of Hippocampus (E). scale = 500 nm. The results were presented as mean ± SD, (n = 3). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Rat BDNF ELISA Kit (BOSTER Biological Tech-234 nology, Wuhan, China) was used to assess the levels of BNDF proteins in brain tissue according to235 manufacturer’s protocol.236 2.9.

Techniques: Electron Microscopy

Journal: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences

Article Title: CX691, as an AMPA receptor positive modulator, improves the learning and memory in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2018.28544.6934

Figure Lengend Snippet: The timeline of the experimental protocol. Animals were divided into 5 groups. In the first day of the experiment period, the amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were bilaterally injected into the hippocampus of rats. After 7 days recovery, the animals were treated with CX691 or slain for 10 days (day 8 to 17). Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed on days 13 to 18. In final day of the experiments, animals were killed and their brains were removed for evaluation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression by ELISA assay

Article Snippet: Hippocampi were rapidly dissected on ice, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 ° C. The level of BDNF in each hippocampus was measured using rat BDNF ELISA kits (ZellBio, Germany).

Techniques: Saline, Injection, Derivative Assay, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences

Article Title: CX691, as an AMPA receptor positive modulator, improves the learning and memory in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2018.28544.6934

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects of CX691 on hippocampus brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression in the amyloid-beta (Aβ)-treated rats. Relative expression of BDNF was assessed using ELISA method. Each value is the mean±SEM. n=6/group. ** P <0.01 compared with sham group

Article Snippet: Hippocampi were rapidly dissected on ice, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 ° C. The level of BDNF in each hippocampus was measured using rat BDNF ELISA kits (ZellBio, Germany).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Neural Plasticity

Article Title: Chronic Ultrasound Prenatal Stress Altered the Brain's Neurochemical Systems in Newborn Rats

doi: 10.1155/2024/3829941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Concentration of BDNF and some neuropeptides in the newborn rat's whole brain altered after exposure to ultrasound prenatal stress ( n = 40 : 10 control males, 10 control females, 10 PS males, 10 PS females): (a) BDNF concentration in the whole brain; (b) α -MSH concentration in the whole brain; (c) β -endorphin concentration in the whole brain; (d) neurotensine concentration in the whole brain; (e) oxytocin concentration in the whole brain; (f) substance P concentration in the whole brain. Data are expressed as med (Q1; Q3) in boxplots; red triangles—outliers; colored dots—single data points (red—females, blue—males); red boxes—data on females; blue boxes—data on males; control, control group; PS, prenatal stress group; α -MSH, α -Melanocyte-stimulating hormone.

Article Snippet: For the measurement of BDNF concentrations, brain samples homogenate was previously unfrozen at room temperature, and the BDNF level was determined using the commercial Rat BDNF ELISA Kit Cat. No: 3030003 (BioAim Scientific Inc), according to the manufacturer's protocol [ ].

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Control

Journal: Neural Plasticity

Article Title: Chronic Ultrasound Prenatal Stress Altered the Brain's Neurochemical Systems in Newborn Rats

doi: 10.1155/2024/3829941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation analysis of the relationship between the brain biochemical indicators.

Article Snippet: For the measurement of BDNF concentrations, brain samples homogenate was previously unfrozen at room temperature, and the BDNF level was determined using the commercial Rat BDNF ELISA Kit Cat. No: 3030003 (BioAim Scientific Inc), according to the manufacturer's protocol [ ].

Techniques: Control

Journal: Neural Plasticity

Article Title: Chronic Ultrasound Prenatal Stress Altered the Brain's Neurochemical Systems in Newborn Rats

doi: 10.1155/2024/3829941

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biochemical correlation networks in the frontal cortex and hippocampus (a) and in the whole brain (b). A black line is displayed when Spearman's correlation coefficient was r > 0.5 or r <−0.5, and statistical significance p < 0.01 between biochemical systems; red plus: positive correlation; blue minus: negative correlation; PS, prenatal stress; H, hippocampus; FC, frontal cortex; S, serotonergic system; D, dopaminergic system; N, noradrenergic system; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; MSH, α -melanocyte-stimulating hormone; SP, substance P; END, β -endorphin; NT, neurotensin; OX, oxytocin.

Article Snippet: For the measurement of BDNF concentrations, brain samples homogenate was previously unfrozen at room temperature, and the BDNF level was determined using the commercial Rat BDNF ELISA Kit Cat. No: 3030003 (BioAim Scientific Inc), according to the manufacturer's protocol [ ].

Techniques: Derivative Assay

Journal: Neural Plasticity

Article Title: Chronic Ultrasound Prenatal Stress Altered the Brain's Neurochemical Systems in Newborn Rats

doi: 10.1155/2024/3829941

Figure Lengend Snippet: PCA of all biochemical parameters stratified according to sex and group: (a) biplots of the variables for the frontal cortex; (b) biplots of the variables for the hippocampus; (c) biplots of the variables for the whole brain; PS: prenatal stress; Dim1: component 1; Dim2: component 2; cos2: the degree of the variable representation in each component—high cos2 attributes are colored in green, low cos2 attributes have a black color; DA, dopamin; DOPAC, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; D/D, DOPAC/dopamine ratio; Ser, serotonin; HIAA, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; H/S, HIAA/serotonin ratios; NE, norepinephrine; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; MSH, α -melanocyte-stimulating hormone; SP, substance P; END, β -endorphin; NT, neurotensin; OX, oxytocin.

Article Snippet: For the measurement of BDNF concentrations, brain samples homogenate was previously unfrozen at room temperature, and the BDNF level was determined using the commercial Rat BDNF ELISA Kit Cat. No: 3030003 (BioAim Scientific Inc), according to the manufacturer's protocol [ ].

Techniques: Derivative Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Pioglitazone treatment prior to transplantation improves the efficacy of human mesenchymal stem cells after traumatic brain injury in rats

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49428-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: PG-hMSC combination treatment improves neurogenesis and increases BDNF level after TBI. ( A ) Representative immunofluorescence images showing DCX immunoreactivity in the SVZ (Scale bar 100 µ) or DG region (Scale bar 200 µ) under different experimental conditions. ( B ) Histogram showing DCX immunoreactivity (Mean ± SEM) in SVZ ( B ) or DG ( C ) under different experimental conditions measured using image J. ( D ) Histogram showing serum BDNF level measured by ELISA. IntDen, integrated density, PG, pioglitazone, hMSC, human mesenchymal stem cells, SVZ, subventricular zone, LV, lateral ventricle, DG, dentate gyrus. Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of animals in each group. *p < 0.01, **p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Serum samples were thawed on ice for ELISA development using Picokine rat BDNF ELISA kit from myBiosource (San Diego, USA, Cat# MBS175935) following manufacturer’s instruction.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Pioglitazone treatment prior to transplantation improves the efficacy of human mesenchymal stem cells after traumatic brain injury in rats

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49428-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic representation summarizing the effect of Pioglitazone (PG) and hMSC combination treatment on improving outcomes in rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI induces neurodegeneration and evokes inflammatory reactions including elevated cytokines CCL20 and IL1-β, microgliosis and astrogliosis. These lead to histological and functional deficits. PG treatment after TBI activates PPARγ and reduces CCL20 and IL1-β. In the reduced inflammatory microenvironment hMSCs increased BDNF secretion which at least partially improves the histological and functional recovery. CCL20, Chemokine ligand protein 20, IL1-β, Interleukin 1 beta, hMSC, human mesenchymal stem cells, BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Article Snippet: Serum samples were thawed on ice for ELISA development using Picokine rat BDNF ELISA kit from myBiosource (San Diego, USA, Cat# MBS175935) following manufacturer’s instruction.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Derivative Assay